In addition to the usual round up of our own blog posts in the last week, we also bring to you 20 case summaries and other important national and international IP developments this week. We’re also asking for your help! Important IP cases that we’re missing out on? Especially from other High Courts? Please let us know so we can include them! Additionally, we’ve run this format for weekly reviews for a few weeks now. Do you like it? Hate it? Any feedback on improving it? Do let us know so we can try to improve!
Highlight of the week from the Blog
Call for Interns and SpicyIP Fellows!
We put up a call for Interns and Fellows at SpicyIP. Applications are on a rolling basis and applicants interested to work and discuss transparency and accountability issues in the Indian IP ecosystem can apply. There is no deadline for the applications and the posts will be open till they are filled. (Please note: we no longer have any internship vacancies till after February 2023 now).
Case Summaries
Prabhakar v. M/s. Saga Films on 17 November, 2022 (Madras High Court)
The plaintiff, claiming adaptation rights of Malayalam movie “Desharadham’”, sough an urgent interim injunction against the release of the Tamil movie “Yugi”. The High Court reiterated that prompt action from the court on grounds of urgency requires fulfilment a high standard and rejected the request on the ground that the urgency in the matter was Plaintiff’s own doing. The court highlighted that that the plaint is silent on when the Plaintiff got to know about the Defendant’s work, and that the averments regarding infringement in the plaint were vague and thus did not give any interim relief. Instead, the Court directed them towards pre-institution mediation under Section 12A of the Commercial Courts Act.
Siddhant Icecreams Llp & Ors. v. Ameet Pahilani & Ors. on 25 November, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
The Delhi High Court passed a consent order stating that the Defendant has undertaken to not use ‘Natural’ or ‘Naturals’ with respect to frozen desserts. The order also stated that the Defendant can use the mark ‘NIC’ and also allowed it to sell the existing stock bearing the impugned mark ‘Nic- Honestly Natural Icecream’. Both the parties agreed that this is only an interim arrangement and does not reflect that either of them have conceded or admitted to the case of the other side, on merits.
Itc Limited vs Khayrul Bashar And Anr on 30 November, 2022 (Calcutta High Court)
Calcutta High Court allowed an application for rectification directing the Trademarks Registrar to cancel the registration granted to and remove the impugned mark ‘Neemyle’. The Plaintiff had argued that it has been using its registered mark ‘Nimyle’ since 1996 and approached the court to rectify the registration granted to the Defendant for deceptively similar mark ‘Neemyle’. Passing the present order, the court reprimanded the Trademark Registrar for not conducting a comprehensive search of similar marks before granting the registration to the impugned mark.
Louis Vuitton Malletier v. Capital General Store and Anr. on 2 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
Holding Defendants 2 and 3 in contempt of its injunction order, the Delhi High Court issued a bailable warrant to secure presence of the absent Defendant 3 on the next date and directed the appearing Defendant (Defendant no. 2) to be present on February 2 for sentencing.
The Plaintiff opposed the Defendant’s application to file additional documents on the ground that if permitted, the Plaintiff would have to admit or deny the same and the proceedings in the commercial suit will thus be protracted. Delhi High Court however permitted the Defendant to file these documents holding them essential to indicate Defendant’s assertion that the suit design lacks novelty, which it held to be one of the defences available in a patent infringement action. The Court further directed the Plaintiff to file its affidavit of admission or denial within one week.
M/S.Raymond Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. vs Union Of India on 2 December, 2022 (Madras High Court)
The Petitioner filed a writ petition against the order passed by Regional Director, Ministry of Corporate Affairs, under Section 22 of Companies Act, directing it to change its name from ‘Raymond Pharmaceuticals’. The Petitioner argued that the Regional Director should have deferred to the order of the Bombay High Court, refusing to injunct the Petitioner from using the name “Raymond”. The court however, clarified that the Bombay High Court order pertained to the suit regarding trademark infringement, and was separate from the claim before the Regional Director, which concerned rectification of the name of the company, thereby dismissing the writ petition.
Delhi High Court decreed the suit as per the terms settlement between the parties. In the terms, the Defendant undertook that it shall cease the use of mark ‘Sanawar’ from April 1,2024 and will not use the mark in its domain name.
Fmc Corporation & Ors. vs Natco Pharma Limited on 5 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
A Division Bench of the Delhi High Court, discussing application of doctrine of equivalents on process patents, rejected the appeal filed by the Plaintiff and refused to grant it an interim relief against Defendant’s launch of Chlorantraniliprole (CTPR). Notably, the court opined that the “test of substantial identity of the competing methods must necessarily be viewed by identifying the essential elements and steps of the said process and then examining the manner in which the key elements interact in each essential step that the process/method entails to yield the given result.” Here, the court found that the defendant’s process is a two step process, whereas the suit patent discloses a single reaction.
Star Sintered Products Ltd. And Anr. vs Karan Bhutani on 5 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
The Plaintiff sought permanent injunction against Defendant’s use of its registered ’Star mark’. Interestingly, it did not find the Defendant to actually use the mark, but had filed the suit on the ground that the Defendant has claimed using the mark in its notice of opposition and subsequent rectification petition. The Defendant on the other hand claimed that the reference regarding Defendant’s use in the above documents was a ‘clerical’ error and that it shall withdraw the notice and the petition. Delhi High Court permitted the Defendant to do so.
Infiniti Retail Limited vs M/S Croma -Share & Ors on 5 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
Delhi High Court granted an ex-parte interim injunction against prima facie infringement of the Plaintiff’s well-known mark ‘Croma’. The Defendant allegedly operates deceptively similar domain names chromashare.com, chroma-2.com, chroma-1.com and chroma-3.com. and also sends job offers to unsuspecting consumers on Whatsapp. Upon looking at the text messages from disgruntled customers, the Court prima facie held that if the interim injunction is not passed the Plaintiff will suffer irreparable loss.
Referring the parties to mediation, the Delhi High Court passed an interim injunction restricting the Defendant from using unlicensed version of Plaintiff’s STAAD and STAAD Pro software.
Subway Ip Llc vs Infinity Food & Ors on 6 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
The Plaintiff had alleged that the Defendant, who was once its licensee, has deliberately adopted a deceptively similar mark and trade dress as its registered mark ‘Subway’ and is also using similar names for its food items to pass off its goods. However, despite finding a prima facie case, considering that the Defendant’s outlet has been functioning since July, 2022, the Delhi High Court issued notice to the Defendant instead of passing an ex-parte interim order.
Akums Drugs Pharmaceuticals Ltd. vs Ferring B.V on 6 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
The Plaintiff instituted the present suit under Section 105 of the Patent Act, requesting the court to issue a declaration of non-infringement. The Defendant objected to issuance of summons owing to certain irregularities in the notice, which the Plaintiff is supposed to serve on the patentee under Section 105. The Defendant alleged that the notice does not concern the subject matter of the plaint and the particulars of the Plaintiff’s products in the notice are also incomplete. The Delhi High Court, however, passed an order to issue summons holding that the above issues will be examined when the court takes up the matter.
In a process patent infringement dispute concerning process to manufacture Amoxicillin Trihydrate, the Plaintiff filed an application to implead the Drug Controller General as Defendant no. 2, for clarity qua manufacturing approval granted to the Defendant’s process. Inter alia, the Plaintiff relied on Section 104A (1)(b) to submit that the Defendant has failed to discharge its burden in proving that its process is different from the Plaintiff’s. The Defendant opposed the application and argued that the Plaintiff is extending the scope of a patent infringement suit and is looking at the workings of the Defendant’s process. It further relied on the proviso to Section 104A (1) to argue that the burden lies on the Plaintiff to first establish that the Defendant’s product is identical to the Plaintiff’s product which is obtained through the patent process. Owing to paucity of time, the court adjourned the matter to a later date.
Jaskaran Singh vs Flipkart Internet Private Ltd on 6 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
The Division bench of Delhi High Court refused to modify an earlier order holding that the same just recorded contentions and submissions of the parties and was pronounced in the open court. The Appellant filed an application seeking modification, contending that the submission on facts regarding number of pending applications for registration of the mark ‘Anmex, advanced by Respondent no. 1 at the previous hearing/ adjudication were put to its notice only then and the veracity of these facts could not be confirmed by it. Dismissing the application the court held that the Appellant should have sought information of all the violators from Respondent no. 1 and should have been arrayed as defendants. Having not done so, the court further held, the Appellant cannot be allowed to seek John doe order when the particulars of violators are known or could have been known.
Carnival Films Pvt. Ltd vs Kunal Sawhney And Another on 6 December, 2022 (Bombay High Court)
Plaintiff sought an interim injunction against the Defendant from disclosing any copyright work and confidential information which it had acquired by during its their employment by the Plaintiff. Considering the Plaintiff’s averments that the Defendant transferred emails containing confidential information from their official id to their personal id and that the Defendant was not present before the court nor filed a reply to refute this allegation, the court was prima facie satisfied that the Plaintiff warrants an interim protection.
Delhi High Court made absolute an ex-parte interim injunction, restricting the Defendant from using deceptively similar ‘JCB’ logos. The Court relied on termination of the license agreement between the parties to hold that the Defendant has no right to use the deceptively similar mark. The court further relied on the Defendant’s affidavit wherein the Defendant has stated that it will not use the jcbpowertools.com domain name, to hold that its adoption of the impugned mark was dishonest and cannot be encouraged.
Exxon Mobil Corporation vs Mr. Sajal Banik Trading on 7 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
Delhi High Court passed a summary judgement and restricted the Defendant from using ‘Mobil’ as a
part of its trade name. The court had previously passed an ex-parte interim injunction and has also issued summons to the Defendant. However, the Defendant neither appeared nor filed a written submission, causing the court to file the present order.
Lifelong Online Retail Private Ltd. vs Ms Anita Gupta on 8 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
The Delhi High Court decreed the suit in favor of the Plaintiff after the Defendant undertook that it shall not use the deceptively similar mark ‘Lifelong’ and will withdraw the application for registration.
Tata Sons Private Limited vs Kailash Devi Trading on 8 December, 2022 (Delhi High Court)
The Delhi High Court decreed the suit considering that the parties settled the dispute. In the terms of settlement, the Defendant agreed it shall withdraw its registered trademark containing the mark ‘Tata’ and undertook that it shall never register the same in future and in any event abandon any mark similar to that of the Plaintiff. The Defendant also agreed to pay a sum of INR 5,50,000 to the Plaintiff towards full and final settlement of all claims.
Kama Ayurveda Private Limited vs Also At on 9 December, 2022 (Delhi District Court)
Delhi District court decreed a suit regarding infringement of trademark and restrained the Defendant from using deceptively similar mark ‘Kamaksh’. In doing so the court opined that generally consumers address a product by its first name and thus, the Defendant should be restricted from using a similar first syllable ‘Kama’. On dissimilar trade dresses, the court held that trade dress often acquires secondary importance as to trade name, since consumers generally purchase a product by trade name rather than trade dress. While passing the present decision, the court also deferred to prior use of the mark ‘Kama/ Kama Ayurveda’ by the Plaintiff.
Delhi District Court decreed the suit in favor of the Plaintiff, restricting Defendant from using marks which are deceptively similar to Bigvin, 7am, Asta Q, Asta 4, Csora, Mikabest and Bigtum’. The Defendants submitted a written statement stating that they have stopped using the impugned marks and stopped appearing thereafter, causing the matter to proceed ex-parte.
Other Development
- Copyright infringement claims in Kantara Vaha Roopam case dismissed.
- Delhi High Court directs Tata Airlines, Kannada news network to not take coercive action.
- The Supreme Court directed Karnataka High Court to continue hearing a public interest litigation (PIL) on biopiracy which it had sent to the National Green Tribunal in 2013.
- Delhi HC stays order the Single Judge order imposing penalty of ₹10 lakhs on Sun Pharma. We have covered the previous order imposing the penalty here.
International Development
- Mariah Carey’s ‘All I Want For Christmas’ accused of copyright infringement.
- UK Judge delivers order on copyright infringement in ‘Lara: The Untold Love Story That Inspired Doctor Zhivago’ case.
- GSK, Pfizer and Sanofi find relief as US court says Zantac-linked cancer not ‘backed by science’.
- Allegations on the US to delay patent waiver deal for Covid diagnostics, therapeutics surmount.
- AWACS data highlights that innovator drugs maintain market hold even after patent expiry.
- Roddy Ricch faced with Copyright lawsuit for “The Box”.
Image from here - Road bumps could power electric vehicles of the future, BMW’s 2021 patent application shows.
- Ericsson and Apple end patent-related legal row with licence deal.
- Riot sues NetEase over copyright infringement of its game ‘Valorant’.
- Luka Doncic ends fight with his mother over trademark rights to his name.
- Jury trial is set for January 2024 in the Nikon v. RED, Z9 patent infringement case.
